Eighth Grade Arithmetic (1900)
Advanced arithmetic with introduction to algebra. Strong emphasis on commercial applications and practical problem-solving for the industrial age.
5
Hours/Week
8
Skills Expected
Progressive Era
Era
The Progressive Era brought standardization to education. Commercial and industrial applications dominated, preparing students for the growing business economy.
Progressive Era (1900-1909)
Progressive education emerging. Emphasis on learning by doing alongside traditional methods.
- All arithmetic operations with speed and accuracy
- Algebraic expressions and simple equations
- Square root extraction
- Commercial arithmetic: banking, insurance, stocks
- Metric system conversions
- Geometric measurements and constructions
- Ratio and proportion applications
- Percentage problems of all types
- Milne's Standard Arithmetic
- Wentworth's Practical Arithmetic
- White's Complete Arithmetic
Free Resources (6)
Ray's Arithmetic Series (Complete)
America's most popular math curriculum from 1834-1913. Emphasizes mental math, practical word problems, and mastery before advancing. Known for producing exceptional math skills.
Ray's New Primary Arithmetic
Beginning arithmetic focusing on counting, addition, subtraction with strong mental math emphasis.
Ray's New Intellectual Arithmetic
Mental arithmetic problems designed to be solved without pencil and paper. Builds strong number sense.
Wentworth's New School Algebra
Standard algebra textbook used in American schools from 1880s-1920s. Rigorous and thorough.
Premium Curricula (3)
Ray's Arithmetic (Mott Media Reprint)
Complete reprints of Ray's Arithmetic series with answer keys. The classic mental math approach.
Memoria Press Classical Curriculum
Complete classical curriculum based on the Trivium (grammar, logic, rhetoric). Uses many historical texts and methods.
Classical Conversations
Classical homeschool community program using memorization, discussion, and rhetoric. Based on historical Trivium model.